Molecular mechanisms and roles of neuron-glia interactions and their roles in synapse and myelin development, plasticity, and repair: insights from the inner ear and prefrontal cortex

Since their discovery in the mid-1800s until recently, glia, the non-neuronal cells of the nervous system, were seen as passive nervous system components whose function was to act as connective tissue and provide trophic/metabolic support for neurons. However, studies during the last two decades have shown that glial cells play critical active roles in many aspects of brain development, structure, and function. I will present our findings on key molecular mechanisms by which neurons and glia communicate, and on the roles of neuron-glia interactions in synaptic and myelin development, plasticity, maintenance, and repair. I will also highlight our insights regarding the importance of neuron-glia interactions for mental health and hearing.